MICHEL MARTIN, HOST:
As you just heard, people are starting to raise questions about why so many people did not get effective warnings ahead of the flood disaster last weekend in Kerr County, Texas. Back in 2016, county commissioners debated whether to install a flood warning system that would have set off loud sirens. That system was never built. Former Kerr County Commissioner Tom Moser pushed for the warning system, and he's with us on the line now to tell us more about it. Good morning. Thank you for joining us.
TOM MOSER: Good morning. Good morning.
MARTIN: So tell me why you and some others called for a warning - a flood warning system nearly a decade ago.
MOSER: Well, it was in 2015, I believe. There was a major flood south of Kerrville in Wimberley, Texas, I believe along the Blanco River. Excuse me if that's not exact correct on the river. But after that flood, which killed a family and perhaps some others, they installed or created and developed a flood warning system which included sirens. But to advance that and to notify the system to activate, they put in markers along the river and sensors of what the river level was. So I looked at that at that time and brought it back to Kerrville, had an engineer do an expansion on defining the project which could be built in Kerrville, which included sensors along the river and other types of devices to say there's an imminent flood, and to have sirens as part of it.
We had a meeting with all county officials, city officials and other people in the community - 40 or 50 people. I chaired that meeting. And one of the things it said - here's the plan. Here's what we want to do. It's going to cost, you know, X number of dollars, a million-plus dollars. And we - but one of the things that came out was people did not like the idea of sirens throughout the county. So we listened to that. And we took sirens out of the project just because there was a big resistance to sirens throughout, just primarily because sirens and other warning systems go off when they don't need to.
MARTIN: Oh, sometimes...
MOSER: So we took that out.
MARTIN: ...You have false alarms. Right. OK. But what else?
MOSER: Right. So we pursued our funding with the state grants. We did not get the funding for the state grants. But the most probable cause of people dying, and based on history, was people going across low water crossings on the Guadalupe River when floods occurred. So what we did is we put up gauges on all of those crossings so people could know when it was safe to cross. And that was part of the project at that time.
MARTIN: Did you...
MOSER: So that was it in a nutshell.
MARTIN: So do you think it was primarily the cost that was the barrier?
MOSER: No.
MARTIN: Or people didn't think it was important. Or they didn't think it was necessary.
MOSER: Well, it was - we did - cost was the barrier in implementing the whole program without the sirens, yes. Cost was the barrier. And we applied for several years to get a grant for that. We were not successful in doing it.
MARTIN: So here's a hard question. And as a former official, I don't know how you feel about this, but do you think that the county could have done more to warn and protect people?
MOSER: Well, let me answer it this way. The county has a emergency management plan which delineates exactly what to do in case of a flood, OK? And it tells who's responsible for what and who's supporting what. So I'm sure that - I don't know this factually - I'm sure they followed that emergency management plan, so I wouldn't have any comment beyond that.
MARTIN: OK. So earlier this year, the state legislature failed to get a bill out of committee that would have created a statewide funding mechanism for sirens and emergency alerts. And I'm wondering if you think that this tragedy, as terrible as it was, is going to spur them to reconsider that.
MOSER: Well, in a positive sense on this tragic thing, I think it will happen, OK? I think it will be more robust, more reliable, more effective. And I don't think it's going to take very long to do - probably a couple years at most, at most a few million dollar - bot billions, but a few million dollars to do it. And it can be done. I mean, it's just going to take - we're going to do it and use all the current technology that exists and blend those technologies together to give a very, very effective early warning system.
MARTIN: I want to mention, though, you have extensive experience. I mean, like, I know you're a modest man and you don't want to talk about this, but you have extensive experience in product management. You were a project manager for NASA for some, like, two decades now, so you have managed, you know, complex systems. Do you think there are other measures that could prevent a similar tragedy in the future, since you had a lot of time to think about it?
MOSER: Well, yeah. I think there's technology that exists today. There's topographical maps that are digitized that can be used to identify and characterize the terrain. There's ways to predict it currently and with more precision, where we think rainfall's going to fall. And then with that, with models, you can determine where the rainfall's going to be and where it's going to go and what the levels are going to be downstream. Yes, I think that that's a thing that exists today that didn't exist in the past. And, believe it or not, use artificial intelligence to bring all that data together and help guide the direction of which alarm should be sent.
MARTIN: I do have to ask, though, if you feel that had this warning system been built, that lives might have been saved.
MOSER: Yes. Yes. It - if the sirens were there, and from what I know, just listening to the media and hearing it - I'm not there. I wasn't been - hadn't been involved in, you know, the rescue or the day-to-day things that are going on right now. But, yeah, I think if sirens were there, clearly, people would have known about it. Would it have saved everybody? No, I don't think so. I think this was an event that's probably one chance in a million of happening.
MARTIN: So I just wanted to ask what thoughts you have now about what else needs to happen kind of going forward. And I - and it's also a difficult question to ask because people love this area, and they love their homes, and there are so many memories that people have attached to these areas. But do you think that people should consider relocating?
MOSER: Well, I don't think they should consider relocating. I think they should consider where they're building in proximity to rising water. That's clearly, OK? But I think develop the system that I just delineated a while ago and make that - those are tools that can identify flooding in a particular area. Make that same tool available all over. I understand there's flooding in Ruidoso, New Mexico, right now. So - and people perhaps are dying. I'm not sure. But use this same analytical capability - OK? - to build a system and use it to - and integrate and use the same information that exists wherever it is, throughout the United States. Develop a tool that's applicable everywhere. And I think that would benefit everybody. And it's not a huge expense item. And it could be done very quickly, I'm convinced.
MARTIN: That's Tom Moser. He's a former Kerr County commissioner who advocated for a flood warning system back in 2016. Mr. Moser, thanks so much for talking to us.
MOSER: You're quite welcome.
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